Performance After Cardiac Ablation in Endurance Athletes for Atrial Fibrillation

Recruiting now · Not applicable

Conditions studied: Atrial Fibrillation (AF)

In brief

The relationship between exercise and atrial fibrillation (AF) seems to follow a J-shaped curve: while moderate activity reduces AF risk, both insufficient and excessive endurance exercise increase susceptibility. In athletes, standard treatments such as antiarrhythmic drugs often provide only partial symptom control and may impair performance through fatigue, chronotropic incompetence and side effects. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) may offer a more definitive therapeutic option but carries risks of atrial fibrosis, stiffening, and altered autonomic regulation, which may also influence exercise capacity. The investigators hypothesize that ablation will have a significant impact-either beneficial or detrimental-on the physical performance of athletes with AF. However, existing evidence is limited to small studies with inconsistent findings, underscoring the need for a dedicated study. This prospective, multicentre interventional study will assess the effects of cardiac ablation in 100 endurance athletes with AF. Participants will undergo comprehensive pre- and post-ablation phenotyping, including electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), echocardiography, Holter monitoring, and detailed training data collection (efficiency factor, acute and chronic training load). Clinical follow-up will extend to 12 months post-ablation. The primary endpoint is the change in peak VO₂ (mL/kg/min) measured before ablation and after the procedure. Secondary analyses will explore: * Autonomic adaptations: including changes in maximum heart rate, heart rate recovery, heart rate reserve, and heart rate variability. * Cardiac function: alterations in diastolic and atrial function assessed by echocardiography. * Training and performance: objective measures such as efficiency factor, decoupling, functional threshold power, critical power, and acute and chronic training load. * Technique comparison: differences in outcomes between pulsed field and radiofrequency ablation (e.g. atrial function, troponin release, …). * Sex-specific effects: recognising the underrepresentation of women in sports cardiology research, the investigators will include female athletes according to incidence and evaluate potential differences in treatment response between sexes. * Predictors of AF recurrence in endurance athletes

Key facts

Study ID

NCT07726056

Run by

University Hospital of Leuven Leuven

People needed

100

Starts

2026-03-01

Expected to finish

2032-12-31

Last updated by the study team

2026-07-27

Who can join

Age: 18 and older, up to 80. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may qualify if…

• Age 18-80 years
• Participation in endurance sports (≥4 hours/week)
• Diagnosis of atrial fibrillation
• Capturing training data through commercially available platforms (e.g. Strava, TrainingPeaks, …) or willingness to start collecting training data and working with these commercially available platforms prospectively

You may not qualify if…

• No training data available
• History of cardiovascular disease (including ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, primary electrical disorders, or congestive heart failure)
• Active smoking

Where it is running

• St. Vincent's Hospital — Melbourne, Australia (enrolling)
• Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen — Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium (enrolling)
• ZOL Genk — Genk, Limburg, Belgium (enrolling)
• Jessa Hospital, Department of Cardiology — Hasselt, Limburg, Belgium (enrolling)
• UZ Leuven — Leuven, Vlaams-Brabant, Belgium (enrolling)

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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