Cardiometabolic Effects of Low-Fat and Full-Fat Dairy

Starting soon · Not applicable

Conditions studied: Cardiovascular (CV) Risk

In brief

The purpose of this study is to find out if full-fat dairy and low-fat dairy have similar effects on risk factors for heart disease and diabetes. During the study, participants will consume two types of dairy products: low-fat dairy (milk, yogurt, and cheese) and full-fat dairy (milk, yogurt, and cheese). Each type of dairy will be consumed for 6 weeks with a ≥4-week break between. Measures will be taken to evaluate blood cholesterol, blood sugar, body weight, inflammation, blood pressure, heart health and dietary intake at the beginning and end of each 6 week period.

Key facts

Study ID

NCT07605442

Run by

Penn State University

People needed

178

Starts

2026-09-08

Expected to finish

2028-08-31

Last updated by the study team

2026-05-26

Who can join

Age: 25 and older, up to 70. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: accepted.

You may qualify if…

• BMI 18.5 to 39.9 kg/m2
• LDL-C ≤190 mg/dL assessed by the Modified Sampson-NIH Equation
• Currently consume milk, yogurt, and/or cheese daily
• Willing to eat 3 servings of dairy (milk, yogurt, cheese) for two 6-week periods during the study

You may not qualify if…

• Hemoglobin <13.2 g/dL for men or < 11.7 g/dL for women at screening
• Fasting triglycerides >350 mg/dL at screening
• ≥10% change in body weight within the 6 months prior to enrollment
• Blood pressure >140/90 mmHg at screening
• Fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL
• Type 1 or type 2 diabetes
• Takes any (prescription or over-the-counter) anti-hypertensive, lipid-lowering, glucose-lowering or anti-inflammatory drugs, or drugs that alter body weight
• Intake of supplements that affect the outcomes of interest (i.e., lipids, blood pressure, glucose, body weight, inflammation and microbiome) and are unwilling to cease during the study period.
• Unwilling to refrain from starting to take any supplements, vitamins, nutritional products, or health foods that are not prescribed by a doctor for the duration of the study
• History of liver, kidney, or autoimmune disease
• Prior cardiovascular event (e.g., stroke, heart attack)
• Current pregnancy or intention of pregnancy within the next 12 months
• Lactation within the prior 6 months
• Dairy allergy/intolerance/sensitivity/dislike
• Antibiotic use within the prior four weeks
• Oral steroid use within the prior four weeks
• Use of tobacco or nicotine-containing products within the past 6 months
• History of cancer at any site within the past 10 years (eligible if ≥10 years without recurrence) or non-melanoma skin cancer within the past 5 years (eligible if ≥5 years without recurrence)
• Participation in another clinical trial within 60 days of baseline
• Currently following a restricted or weight-loss diet
• Prior bariatric surgery
• Intake of >14 alcoholic drinks/week and/or not willing to avoid alcohol consumption for 48 hours prior to test visits
• Does not speak and/or understand English
• Unwilling to refrain from donating blood and/or plasma during the study
• Weight <110 lb

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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