A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Ability of Lactoferrin to Modulate Iron Homeostasis and Exercise Performance in Exercising Females

Recruiting now · Not applicable · Has a placebo group

Conditions studied: Iron Deficiencies, Low Ferritin, Iron Deficiency, Exercise Performance of Fit Athletes

In brief

This randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial will evaluate the effects of human lactoferrin supplementation combined with low-dose iron on iron status, aerobic performance, and lactate metabolism in exercising women with low ferritin. Approximately 30 healthy, menstruating women aged 18-45 years with serum ferritin \<35 µg/L will be enrolled in an 8-week intervention. Participants will be stratified by baseline ferritin status and randomized to receive 100 mg lactoferrin + 5 mg iron, 300 mg lactoferrin + 5 mg iron, or placebo + 5 mg iron daily. Primary outcomes include changes in ferritin and hematological parameters. Secondary outcomes include VO₂peak, time to exhaustion, and blood lactate responses during standardized treadmill testing. This study will determine whether lactoferrin enhances iron homeostasis and improves physiological and performance outcomes in exercising women with low iron stores.

Key facts

Study ID: NCT07546591
Run by: Lindenwood University
People needed: 30
Starts: 2026-04-30
Expected to finish: 2027-04-30
Last updated by the study team: 2026-04-27

Who can join

Age: 18 and older, up to 45. Sex: female. Healthy volunteers: accepted.

You may qualify if…

Women, 18 - 45 years of age
No changes in hormonal contraception use in the past 6 months
Has a regular menstrual cycle defined as five out of the past six months
Engaging in ≥5 hours per week of structured endurance exercise (e.g., running, cycling, swimming, rowing) for the past ≥6 months, with ≥3 sessions per week at moderate-to-vigorous intensity (≥70% HRmax or RPE ≥13).
Training must be consistent, with no interruptions >2 consecutive weeks in the past 6 months and performed with the purpose of improving performance or preparing for a competition or personal goal.
Exhibit some degree of compromised iron status as depicted by serum ferritin levels below 30 ug/L
Participation in at least one organized endurance event (e.g., races, competitions, or matches) at the recreational, sub-elite, or elite level, or be actively training for a planned competition within the next 6 months.
Generally healthy and free of diseases or disorders that impact functioning of the gastrointestinal system.
No recent or acute infection in the past 30 days and no chronic systemic illness
No psychiatric condition that, in the investigator's judgment, would impair consent capacity, protocol adherence, or valid completion of questionnaires.
If psychiatric medication is used: stable regimen for ≥3 months with no anticipated changes during the study
Body mass index (BMI) 18.5 to 32.5 kg/m2 (Inclusive)
Non-smoker
Agrees to not use any new vitamin, mineral, or dietary supplement product until after study completion and to not take any vitamins, minerals or dietary supplements 24 hours prior to any of the study visits.
Willing and able to maintain consistent diet and physical activity habits
Participants who become pregnant during the course of the study will be removed from participation
Willing and able to provide consent and comply with the protocol
Able to read and understand English at the 6th-grade level and sign the informed consent to participate in the study

You may not qualify if…

History of any food allergies or intolerances that could impact digestive outcomes and history of irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, celiac), gastroparesis, chronic constipation or diarrhea requiring medication, or GI surgery
Has any of the following medical conditions: bleeding disorders, active heart or cardiovascular disease, uncontrolled high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg), renal or hepatic impairment/disease, Type I or II diabetes, any neurologic disease or disorder that may impact cognition or mood, unstable thyroid disease, chronic inflammatory conditions, immune disorders (such as HIV/AIDS), or any medical condition deemed exclusionary by the Principal Investigator (PI)
Acute illness or infection within the past 30 days
History of cancer (except localized skin cancer without metastases) within 5 years prior to screening.
Recently started taking (within the past 90 days or has had their dosage adjusted in the past 90 days) antihypertensives, hypoglycemic medications, GLP1 agonists of any class or type, stimulatory asthma medications, or any other prescription or over-the-counter medication that confound the outcomes measured in this study
Habitual use of anti-inflammatory medications for 30 days prior to providing
Current or past diagnosis of bipolar I/II disorder, schizophrenia spectrum or other psychotic disorder; psychiatric hospitalization, suicidal ideation, attempt, or self-harm behavior in the past 12 months
Initiation, discontinuation, or dose change of any psychotropic medication within the past 3 months, including antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, stimulants, or sedative-hypnotics
Subject has an allergy to any ingredients in the study product
Subject has a history of drug or alcohol abuse in the past 12 months
Excessive alcohol intake defined as greater than 7 drinks/week or binge episodes
Any condition or abnormality that in the expert opinion of the PI, participation in the study would compromise the safety of the subject or the quality of the study data.
Participating in or has participated in another research study within 30 days prior to the screening visit that could confound outcomes
Currently pregnant or lactating

Where it is running

Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory — Saint Charles, Missouri, United States (enrolling)

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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