Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Biofilm Formation and Efflux Pump Activity in Multi-drug Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae

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Conditions studied: Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae Infection

In brief

1. Sample: urine, pus and sputum samples. 2. Culture: the samples will be inoculated on the MacConkey agar and subcultured on eosine methylene blue agar. 3. Identification of isolates will be done by: * Colony morphology. * Gram staining. * Biochemical reactions: including Indole, Methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, and Citrate utilization (IMViC) tests. 4. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates will be performed using the Kirby-Bauer method (disc diffusion method) using Muller Hinton agar according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2025) guidelines for selected groups of antibiotics. 5. Phenotypic detection of biofilm formation by the microtitre plate method. 6. Phenotypic detection of efflux pump activity by ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method. 7. Detection of biofilm genes (fimH-1, mrkA, and mrkD) by conventional PCR. 8. Detection of efflux pump genes (acrAB, tolC, and mdtk) by conventional PCR.

Key facts

Study ID

NCT07541690

Run by

Sohag University

People needed

100

Starts

2026-04-01

Expected to finish

2027-02-01

Last updated by the study team

2026-04-21

Who can join

Age: any. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: accepted.

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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