Dual-Task vs. Multicomponent Exercise in Institutionalized Seniors

Starting soon · Not applicable

Conditions studied: Fear of Falling

In brief

The aging global population faces a major public health challenge regarding the growing number of older adults in long-term care facilities. Institutionalized older adults exhibit high rates of sedentary behavior, accelerating physiological decline (such as sarcopenia, diminished muscle strength, and impaired balance) and increasing fall risk. Beyond biomechanical risks, the fear of falling acts as a psychological barrier, creating a negative spiral of frailty where a lack of confidence leads to activity restriction. This further reduces functional capacity and paradoxically increases the actual fall risk. Addressing fall risk requires interventions targeting both the physical mechanisms of balance and the psychological mechanisms of self-efficacy. Current WHO guidelines emphasize multicomponent physical activity (combining balance, strength, and aerobic training) to prevent falls. However, traditional programs may not fully address the cognitive-motor interference of real-world falls, which often occur during complex, divided-attention tasks. Institutionalized older adults often struggle to allocate attentional resources efficiently. This study posits that breaking the spiral of inactivity requires stimulating the complex demands of daily living. The investigators hypothesize that a Dual-Task Exercise Program, integrating cognitive challenges (e.g., executive function tasks, memory recall) into a multicomponent routine, will provide superior benefits compared to a Multicomponent Exercise Program alone. By training cognitive functions to process mental stimuli while maintaining motor control, the goal is to improve physical and cognitive capabilities and enhance participants' confidence. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of these two modalities on physical fall risk and psychological fear of falling. Conducted in a nursing home for over 12 weeks, participants will be randomly assigned to either the Control Group (Multicomponent Training: physical strength and balance) or the Experimental Group (Dual-Task Training: physical protocol with simultaneous cognitive stimulation).

Key facts

Study ID

NCT07427225

Run by

Instituto Politécnico de Leiria

People needed

54

Starts

2026-03-01

Expected to finish

2026-07-30

Last updated by the study team

2026-02-24

Who can join

Age: 65 and older. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may qualify if…

• Aged 65 years or older.
• Resident in the institution (nursing home) for at least 6 months.
• Autonomous ambulation capacity (independent walking ability, with or without walking aids like canes or walkers).
• Medical clearance/approval to participate in physical exercise.
• Ability to understand verbal instructions and communicate.
• Absence of severe cognitive impairment that prevents understanding of the tasks.

You may not qualify if…

• Uncontrolled cardiovascular or metabolic conditions (e.g., severe heart failure, unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction in the last month).
• Severe musculoskeletal, visual, or auditory impairments that preclude participation in the exercise program.
• Diagnosis of severe dementia or other neurological conditions that prevent following the protocol instructions.
• Absence from more than 5 consecutive sessions or attendance of less than 75% of the total sessions.

Where it is running

• Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Alcobaça — Alcobaça, Leiria District, Portugal

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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