Neurofeedback During Naturalistic Stimuli to Reduce Craving in Heroin Addiction

Completed · Not applicable · Has a placebo group

Conditions studied: Opioid Use Disorder, Substance Use Disorder, Heroin Use Disorder

In brief

Support groups are an important component of addiction treatment, where individuals at more stable stages of their recovery help others by sharing personal experiences. This phenomenon suggests that the brain states of individuals further along in their recovery process may be useful in guiding those who are at an earlier stage. In this project, the researchers will test this idea and develop a personalized therapeutic tool based on real-time fMRI neurofeedback, whereby individuals with heroin use disorder (iHUD) early in treatment will learn to modulate their own brain state to more closely align with iHUD who are at later stages of treatment. Specifically, iHUD exhibit heightened reactivity to naturalistic drug cues in brain networks underlying salience attribution, reward processing, executive function and others. This fMRI brain hyperactivity pattern is reduced, concomitant with craving reductions, with about 3 months of inpatient treatment. In this neurofeedback project, iHUD who are beginning treatment will view naturalistic drug cues and receive feedback about how similar their brain activity is to the target recovery pattern, learning to modulate their own brain activity to reduce drug cue reactivity and craving. This study will offer insights into the mechanisms of recovery in addiction, particularly as coordinated across individuals with shared experience and goals. If successful, the neurofeedback-based training may lead to new brain-based and personalized tools for recovery in this devastating disorder.

Key facts

Study ID: NCT07344233
Run by: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
People needed: 28
Starts: 2025-05-20
Expected to finish: 2025-08-31
Last updated by the study team: 2026-01-15

Who can join

Age: 18 and older, up to 64. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may qualify if…

Ability to understand, give informed consent and perform the tasks
males and females 18-64 years of age at the time of enrollment in the study
DSM-5 diagnosis of opioid use disorder with heroin as the primary drug of choice
currently enrolled in a treatment facility for heroin use as the primary concern
2-4 week abstinence from non-prescribed opioid use/stabilized on medication assisted therapy (MAT) using either methadone and/or buprenorphine.

You may not qualify if…

present or past history of a neurodevelopmental, neurological, or a psychotic disorder
head trauma with loss of consciousness for more than 30 min
use of medications (current or in the last 6 months) with known CNS effects which may alter cerebral function, with the exception of psychotropics for the treatment of pain/depression/anxiety/PTSD (e.g. SSRIs) or as otherwise determined by the Principle Investigator
current medical illness and/or evident infection
being pregnant or nursing
contraindications to the MRI environment

Where it is running

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai — New York, New York, United States

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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