Comparing Single vs Multiple Dose Radiation for Cancer Patients With Brain Metastasis and Receiving Immunotherapy

Running, not enrolling · Not applicable

Conditions studied: NSCLC, Renal Cell Carcinoma, Breast Carcinoma, Melanoma, Brain Metastases, Adult, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, SCLC, Small-cell Lung Cancer

In brief

This study is designed to see if we can lower the chance of side effects from radiation in patients with breast, kidney, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer or melanoma that has spread to the brain and who are also being treated with immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. This study will compare the usual care treatment of single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) given on one day versus fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (FSRS), which is a lower dose of radiation given over a few days to determine if FSRS is better or worse at reducing side effects than usual care treatment.

Key facts

Study ID

NCT05703269

Run by

Wake Forest University Health Sciences

People needed

58

Starts

2023-07-11

Expected to finish

2028-03-31

Last updated by the study team

2026-04-06

Who can join

Age: 18 and older. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may qualify if…

• At least one intact brain metastasis or resection cavity ≥ 2 cm in diameter or ≥ 4 cc volume.
• Patients at initial diagnosis of brain metastases and patients with known brain metastasis treated with systemic therapy alone are eligible.
• Patients who have previously undergone SRS for brain metastases are eligible if all MRIs and DICOM-RT files from prior SRS courses are available for upload to TRIAD and there are no lesions requiring re-irradiation. Prior SRS data upload is NOT required prior to enrollment and randomization. Both SSRS and FSRS are acceptable.
• Lesion volume will be approximated by measuring the lesion's three perpendicular diameters on contrast-enhanced, T1-weighted MRI and the product of those diameters will be divided by 2 to estimate the lesion volume (e.g., xyz/2). Alternatively, direct volumetric measurements via slice-by-slice contouring on a treatment planning software package can be used to calculate the total tumor volume.
• Any extent of non-CNS disease is allowed. There is no requirement for non-CNS disease to be controlled prior to study entry.
• For patients considered to be borderline or potentially eligible by size or volume criteria, sites have the option to send in DICOM films for central review screening.
• Age ≥ 18 years at the time of enrollment.
• Total number of brain metastases (including resection cavities) ≤ 15 on diagnostic MRI; all lesions must be amenable to SSRS and FSRS as determined by the treating radiation oncologist. Treatment must take place at a facility credentialed by the Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core (IROC) for SRS and that offers both SSRS and FSRS as treatment options.
• Total gross tumor volume must be ≤ 30 cc. Lesion volume will be approximated by measuring each lesion's three perpendicular diameters on contrast-enhanced T1 MRI and the product of those diameters will be divided by 2 (V = xyz/2). Direct volumetric measurements by contouring all lesions on all visible slices on treatment planning software is also acceptable. If there is a cavity, only gross residual disease within or adjacent to the cavity is counted toward the 30 cc total volume.
• Ability to tolerate MRI brain with gadolinium-based contrast.
• Pathologically confirmed melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, or breast cancer.
• Has received, is currently receiving, or is planned to receive immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (defined as agent targeted to PD-1/PD-L1 axis) within 30 days of the planned first day of SSRS/FSRS. Dual ICI therapy with PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 targeted agents are allowed, but patients treated with a single agent CTLA-4 targeted agent only are ineligible.
• o It is not mandatory to wait for the results of next generation sequencing (NGS) or other molecular tumor testing to determine if the patient is planned to receive ICI if the enrolling physician feels that identification of a mutation that would preclude ICI therapy (such as an EGFR mutation in a patient with NSCLC) is unlikely to be identified.
• Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) ≥ 50. Refer to Appendix A.
• Negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 14 days of randomization for women of child-bearing potential.
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign written informed consent.
• Patients must be able to provide informed consent.
• Must be able to speak, read and understand English or Spanish

You may not qualify if…

• Prior fractionated, whole, or partial brain radiation therapy. Prior fractionated SRS is acceptable.
• Prior courses of SRS for benign tumors such as meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, schwannomas may be acceptable if the treatment is > 2cm away from the site of a metastatic lesion that would be treated on this study. The study PI or a designated co-PI must review this type of case to confirm eligibility prior to enrollment.
• Prior diagnosis ARE, including pseudoprogression or radiation necrosis/radionecrosis, or previously treated lesions being actively evaluated for possible ARE or local failure such as concerning imaging findings currently being tracked with short interval MRI.
• Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis established by lumbar puncture cytology, or MRI imaging. In the absence of a clinical indication, a lumbar puncture is not required to confirm eligibility.
• A brain metastasis that is 5 mm or less from the optic chiasm or optic nerves
• Inability to tolerate brain MRI or receive gadolinium-based contrast
• Planned or prior therapy with bevacizumab (or bevacizumab biosimilar) within 30 days of the planned first day of SRS as part of a systemic therapy regimen at study enrollment.
• Serious intercurrent illness or medical condition judged by the local investigator to compromise the patient's safety, preclude safe administration of the planned protocol treatment, or would not permit the patient to be managed according to the protocol guidelines.

Where it is running

• Lewis Cancer and Research Pavilion at Saint Joseph's/Candler — Savannah, Georgia, United States
• Decatur Memorial Hospital — Decatur, Illinois, United States
• Crossroads Cancer Center — Effingham, Illinois, United States
• HSHS Saint Elizabeth's Hospital — O'Fallon, Illinois, United States
• OSF Saint Francis Medical Center — Peoria, Illinois, United States
• Trinity Health Saint Joseph Mercy Hospital Ann Arbor — Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
• Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology - Brighton — Brighton, Michigan, United States
• Genesys Hurley Cancer Institute — Flint, Michigan, United States
• Trinity Health Saint Mary Mercy Livonia Hospital — Livonia, Michigan, United States
• Trinity Health IHA Medical Group Hematology Oncology Ann Arbor Campus — Ypsilanti, Michigan, United States
• Mercy Hospital Springfield — Springfield, Missouri, United States
• Mercy Hospital South — St Louis, Missouri, United States
• Lovelace Medical Center-Saint Joseph Square — Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
• Lovelace Radiation Oncology — Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
• Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute — Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
• Atrium Health Cabarrus/LCI-Concord — Concord, North Carolina, United States
• Wake Forest University Health Sciences — Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
• Sanford Broadway Medical Center — Fargo, North Dakota, United States
• Sanford Roger Maris Cancer Center — Fargo, North Dakota, United States
• Mercy Health - Perrysburg Hospital — Perrysburg, Ohio, United States
• Saint Joseph's/Candler - Bluffton Campus — Bluffton, South Carolina, United States
• Saint Francis Hospital — Greenville, South Carolina, United States
• Prisma Health Cancer Institute - Faris — Greenville, South Carolina, United States
• Saint Francis Cancer Center — Greenville, South Carolina, United States
• Gibbs Cancer Center-Pelham — Greer, South Carolina, United States

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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