Effectiveness of Bupivacaine, Ketorolac, Ketamine, vs Bupivacaine Alone in Reducing Postoperative Pocket Pain
Starting soon · Phase 1
Conditions studied: Pain Management
In brief
Bupivacaine is the most widely used local anesthetic agent across majority of the Cardiac Implantable Electronic device (CIED) implant procedures in the United States. It is hypothesized that the combination of Bupivacaine-Ketorolac-Ketamine (BKK) is more effective in alleviating perioperative and postoperative pain as compared to the use of bupivacaine alone. A few studies have been done to look for the effectiveness of BKK in abdominal surgical procedures. However, no study has been done to evaluate its efficacy and effectiveness in patients undergoing CIED insertion.
Key facts
- Study ID
- NCT05575999
- Run by
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Research Foundation
- People needed
- 200
- Starts
- 2026-01-01
- Expected to finish
- 2026-12-01
- Last updated by the study team
- 2025-08-28
Who can join
Age: 18 and older. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: accepted.
You may qualify if…
- Both male and female patients
- Patients older than 18 years of age
- Patients undergoing new CIED (ICD, pacemaker, CRT-D or CRT-P)
- Patients willing to participate in the study
You may not qualify if…
- Patients with prior history of allergic reaction to any component of the drug; bupivacaine, ketorolac, or ketamine
- Pregnant or breastfeeding patients
- Prisoners
- Patients younger than 18 years of age
- Patients not willing to participate in the study
- Patients deemed not suitable or unstable for the study as per physician's discretion
Where it is running
- Loma Linda University Health — Loma Linda, California, United States
- Kansas City Heart Rhythm Institute — Overland Park, Kansas, United States
- Overland Park Regional Medical Center — Overland Park, Kansas, United States
Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov
Trial information comes from ClinicalTrials.gov and is refreshed daily. TrialsForMe does not provide medical care and does not run the studies it lists.