STOP-T1D Low-Dose (ATG)

Stopped early · Phase 2 · Has a placebo group

Conditions studied: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

In brief

A multi-center, placebo-controlled, double blind, 2:1 randomized control clinical trial testing low-dose ATG vs. placebo in subjects with a 2 year 50% risk of progression to stage 3 T1D. This study did not meet enrollment targets and was terminated approximately 13 months after the first participant enrolled.

Key facts

Study ID

NCT04291703

Run by

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

People needed

2

Starts

2023-11-01

Expected to finish

2024-12-17

Last updated by the study team

2026-05-07

Who can join

Age: 6 and older, up to 34. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may qualify if…

• Willing to provide informed consent or have a parent or legal guardian provide informed consent when the subject is <18 years of age.
• Age greater than or equal to 6 and < 35 years
• At least two or more diabetes-related biochemical autoantibodies (mIAA, GADA, ICA, IA-2A, ZnT8A) present on the same sample. In the absence of other antibodies, ICA and GADA positivity alone will not suffice for eligibility in this trial.
• Weight greater than the 5th percentile for age and sex.
• BMI < 95th and > 5th percentile for age for those under age 18 years and < 30 and > 15 for adults (≥ 18)
• ADA Stage 2 criteria* AND at least one of the following high-risk markers (occurring at the same visit) within 7 weeks (52 days) of randomization, defined below (for defining a 2-year 50% risk for progression to Stage 3 T1D):
• a. HbA1c ≥ 5.7 and <6.5% b. Index60 ≥ 1.4 i. Index60 = 0.3695 × (log fasting C-peptide [ng/mL]) + 0.0165 × 60-min glucose (mg/dL) - 0.3644 × 60-min C-peptide (ng/mL) c. DPTRS ≥ 7.4 DPTRS = (1.57 x log BMI) - (0.06 x age) + (0.81 x glucose sum from 30 to 120 min/100) - (0.85 x C-peptide sum from 30 to 120 min/10) + (0.48 x log fasting C-peptide)
• Dysglycemia is defined as 2-hr glucose ≥ 140 and <200 mg/dL or fasting glucose ≥ 110 and <126 or 30, 60, or 90 minute glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL from OGTT
• CMV and/or EBV seronegative participants must be CMV and EBV PCR negative within 30 days of randomization and may not have had signs or symptoms of a CMV or EBV-compatible illness lasting longer than 7 days within 30 days of randomization.
• CMV seropositive participants must be CMV PCR negative and all EBV seropositive participants must have EBV PCR < 2,000 IU/mL within 30 days of randomization and may not have had signs or symptoms of a CMV or EBV-compatible illness lasting longer than 7 days within 30 days of randomization.
• Seated blood pressure less than 130/80 mmHg for participants ≥ 18 years. For participants < 18 years seated blood pressure less than 95th percentile for age, sex and height.
• Be at least 4 weeks from last live immunization.
• Participants are required to receive non-live influenza vaccination at least 2 weeks prior to randomization when vaccine for the current or upcoming flu season is available.
• Participants must have a negative COVID-19 test within 7 days of the first day of treatment if otherwise eligible.
• Willingness to comply with study directed social distancing and protection from SARS-Cov-2 infection.
• Be willing to forgo vaccines (other than killed influenza) during the 3 months after study drug treatment period (Days 0 and 1).
• Be up to date on all recommended vaccinations based on age of participant*
• With the exception of stage 2 T1D, participants must be healthy, as defined by absence of any other untreated diagnoses that the protocol committee deems to be a potential confounder.
• If a female participant with reproductive potential, willing to avoid pregnancy (abstinence or adequate contraceptive method) through the completion of the study infusions and up to 3 months after study drug administration and undergo pregnancy testing prior to each study visit.
• Must be residing or have accommodations within 1 hour of the infusion site during the two days of study drug infusions and must be within 1 hour of a medical care facility for 1 day after completion of infusion 2.
• Participants must live in a location with rapid access to emergency medical services.
• Adult participants must be fully immunized. Pediatric participants who have not completed their primary vaccination schedule must receive all vaccinations allowable per the national/country-specific immunization guidelines for their current age prior to study drug delivery. Any remaining vaccinations should be given and continue per the schedule at least 3 months after study drug is administered. For COVID-19 vaccination, all participants will be strongly encouraged to be up-to-date with COVID-19 vaccine(s) as indicated by country-specific guidelines at least 2 weeks prior to randomization.

You may not qualify if…

• Immunodeficiency or clinically significant chronic lymphopenia: (Leukopenia (< 3,000 leukocytes /μL), neutropenia (<1,500 neutrophils/μL), lymphopenia (<800 lymphocytes/μL), thrombocytopenia (<100,000 platelets/μL).
• Hemoglobin less than 13.5 g/dL for adult men and less than 12 g/dL for adult females and less than 11 g/dL for participants under age 18
• Active signs or symptoms of acute infection at the time of randomization including SARS-Cov-2.
• Uncontrolled autoimmune thyroid disease and/or celiac disease (participants must be well controlled for the previous 6 months).
• Evidence of prior or current tuberculosis infection as assessed interferon gamma release assay (QuantiFERON).
• Currently pregnant or lactating or anticipate getting pregnant within the study period.
• Require use of other immunosuppressive agents including chronic use of systemic steroids.
• Evidence of current or past HIV or Hepatitis B or current Hepatitis C infection.
• Any complicating medical issues or abnormal clinical laboratory results that may interfere with study conduct, or cause increased risk to include pre-existing cardiac disease, COPD, sickle cell disease, neurological disease, or blood count abnormalities.
• A history of malignancies other than of skin.
• Evidence of liver dysfunction with AST or ALT outside of the reference range.
• Evidence of renal dysfunction with creatinine outside of the reference range.
• Increased bilirubin (total and direct) outside of the normal limit (Participants with documentation of Gilbert's Disease permitted).
• Vaccination with a live virus within the last 4 weeks.
• Current or ongoing use of non-insulin pharmaceuticals that affect glycemic control within 7 days of screening
• Prior treatment with Teplizumab (either in a previous clinical trial or clinically).
• Has participated in a clinical trial for diabetes prevention previously and received active study agent within 3 months of randomization.
• Known allergy to ATG or any product excipient
• Prior treatment with ATG or known allergy to rabbit-derived products or to any product excipient
• Prior adverse reactions to heparin.
• Any condition that in the investigator's opinion may adversely affect study participation will be reviewed by the Study Chair to ensure consistency and adjudicate whether or not the subject may compromise the study results
• Any screening/baseline laboratory result not otherwise stated out of normal reference range and/or medical history that may increase the risk of the subject's participation in this trial.
• Previously diagnosed with Stage 3 TID according to ADA criteria (see Appendix 3 for Criteria for diagnosis of diabetes)

Where it is running

• Children's Hospital of Orange County — Orange, California, United States
• University of California - San Francisco — San Francisco, California, United States
• Stanford University — Stanford, California, United States
• Barbara Davis Center at University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus — Aurora, Colorado, United States
• Yale University School of Medicine — New Haven, Connecticut, United States
• University of Florida — Gainesville, Florida, United States
• University of Miami — Miami, Florida, United States
• University of South Florida Diabetes Center — Tampa, Florida, United States
• Emory Children's Center — Atlanta, Georgia, United States
• Indiana University - Riley Hospital for Children — Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
• Children's Hospital of Iowa — Iowa City, Iowa, United States
• University of Minnesota — Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
• The Children's Mercy Hospital — Kansas City, Missouri, United States
• Columbia University-Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center — New York, New York, United States
• University of Pittsburgh — Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
• Prisma Health — Greenville, South Carolina, United States
• Vanderbilt Eskind Diabetes Center — Nashville, Tennessee, United States
• University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center — Dallas, Texas, United States
• University of Utah — Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
• Benaroya Research Institute — Seattle, Washington, United States
• Queensland Children's Hospital — South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
• Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research — Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

Trial information comes from ClinicalTrials.gov and is refreshed daily. TrialsForMe does not provide medical care and does not run the studies it lists.