Racial Differences in Circadian and Sleep Mechanisms for Nicotine Dependence, Craving, and Withdrawal
Completed · Not applicable
Conditions studied: Smoking, Sleep Disturbance, Nicotine Dependence
In brief
The number one preventable cause of death in the world is tobacco use. Cigarette smoking in particular, costs an estimated $300 billion due to expenses related to medical care and lost productivity. Despite similar smoking prevalence rates, blacks suffer disproportionately from smoking-related harms compared to whites.Sleep disparities such as shortened sleep duration, shorter circadian periodicity, earlier chronotype, and increased variability of sleep timing have been reported more frequently in blacks compared to whites. Given that poor sleep quality predicts relapse from smoking cessation programs, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults, sleep deficiencies and irregular timing of sleep may impact smoking craving and withdrawal symptoms over the course of the 24-hour day. Surprisingly, few studies have examined these temporal patterns of smoking and craving, and none with regard to sleep disruption, chronotype or racial disparities. A better understanding of these factors may explain heterogeneity within the smoking population, especially in minorities. Thus, the purpose of this proposal is to test the central hypothesis that the impact of chronotype and impaired sleep on cigarette usage as well as smoking dependence, urge/craving, and withdrawal depends on race.
Key facts
- Study ID
- NCT03968900
- Run by
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- People needed
- 29
- Starts
- 2021-01-01
- Expected to finish
- 2025-04-01
- Last updated by the study team
- 2026-07-31
Who can join
Age: 18 and older. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.
You may qualify if…
- 18 years or older
- Able to read and speak English
- Non-Hispanic African American (Black) or non-Hispanic white race
- Daily smoker (5 or more cigarettes a day for the past one year and having smoked more than 100 cigarettes in lifetime) or non-smoker (smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in a lifetime and no smoking-not even a puff- in the last year)
- Currently residing in Alabama
You may not qualify if…
- Non-English speaking
- Lives in restricted environment that does not allow smoking
- Pregnant or lactating
- Daily or exclusive use of other tobacco products (e.g., cigars, e-cigarettes) if a smoker; if non-smoker, any other tobacco product use is exclusionary
- Currently receiving smoking cessation treatment or using electronic cigarettes or other tobacco to try and quit smoking cigarettes
- Participants would work outside normal 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. hours
- Former smokers
- Sub-study 2
- Inclusion Criteria:
- 18 years or older
- Able to read and speak English
- Non-Hispanic African American (Black) or non-Hispanic white race
- Daily smoker defined as smoking 5 or more cigarettes a day for the past one year and having smoked more than 100 cigarettes in lifetime, as well as by an expired Carbon Monoxide (CO )cut-off of Carbon Monoxide (CO)>10ppm and positive cotinine test to ensure daily smoking OR non-smoker defined as smoking fewer than 100 cigarettes in a lifetime and no smoking-not even a puff- in the last year, as well as by an expired Carbon monoxide (CO) cut-off of Carbon Monoxide (CO)<3 ppm and negative cotinine test.
- Currently residing in Alabama
- Exclusion Criteria:
- Non-English speaking
- Lives in restricted environment that does not allow smoking
- Pregnant or lactating
- Testing positive on urine drug screen test at baseline - any drugs other than Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) not allowed
- Daily or exclusive use of other tobacco products (e.g., cigars, e-cigarettes) if a smoker; if non-smoker, any other tobacco product use is exclusionary
- Currently receiving smoking cessation treatment or using electronic cigarettes or other tobacco to try and quit smoking cigarettes
- Participants would work outside normal 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. hours
- Former smokers
- History of a medical condition (e.g., bipolar disorder, migraine, or seizure disorder) that might be exacerbated by sleep deprivation as a result of Study 3
- History of a serious lung/breathing disease that prevents one from walking or holding their breath for 10 seconds (in order to complete Carbon Monoxide breath test)
Where it is running
- University of Alabama, Birmingham — Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov
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