Treatment in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Surgery vs Surveillance

Recruiting now · Not applicable

Conditions studied: Ascending Aortic Aneurysm Enlargement, Ascending Aorta Aneurysm

In brief

The ascending aorta conducts blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The ascending aorta can become enlarged, and the risk of tearing and rupturing becomes higher with larger aorta. When the ascending aorta tears or ruptures, the risk dying is high even if surgery is done as soon as possible. Traditionally, when the ascending aorta gets above 5.5 cm, surgery is recommended to replace the aorta. However, this threshold is based relatively weak evidence, and sometimes patients with smaller aorta can tear or rupture. On the other hand, surgery carries its own risk as well. Since there are risk of waiting or doing surgery, there is currently no great support for either approach for patients with a smaller aorta. In the TITAN SvS trial, patients with an ascending aorta between 5.0 to 5.5 cm is assigned by chance to the early surgery group, in which they will undergo replacement of aorta, or the surveillance group, in which they will be closely monitored. The chance of dying or suffer tearing or rupture of aorta between the two groups will be compared. The result of the trial will guide future practice for patients with enlarged ascending aorta. This is a prospective, multi-centre randomized control trial that compares the all-cause mortality, aneurysm-related aortic events, rate of stroke, and quality of life for those patients undergoing early elective ascending aortic surgery to those patients undergoing surveillance. Patients referred for an ascending aortic aneurysm that meets the inclusion criteria will be randomized to the early elective surgery group or the surveillance group. Recruitment will end when the desired sample size is reached, and the patients will be followed for a minimum 2-year period. The primary objective of the trial is to compare the composite outcome of the all-cause mortality and incidence of acute aortic events between surveillance and elective ascending aortic surgery for patients with degenerative or bicuspid valve-related ascending aortic aneurysm after 2 years of follow up. The hypothesis is that the early surgery group will have a significantly lower all-cause mortality and incidence of acute aortic events at 2 years of follow up compare to the surveillance group. The result of this trial will provide evidence based guidance in the appropriate management of ascending aortic aneurysm based on the size criteria, and establish a large database for future investigations.

Key facts

Study ID: NCT03536312
Run by: Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation
People needed: 610
Starts: 2018-09-01
Expected to finish: 2035-05-31
Last updated by the study team: 2025-09-22

Who can join

Age: 18 and older, up to 79. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may qualify if…

Patients between the age of 18 and 79 inclusive.
Ascending aortic aneurysm between 5.0cm and 5.4cm in maximal diameter as measured by CT with contrast.
Patients with ascending aortic aneurysm with a diameter of 4.5 cm - 4.9 cm will be observed with serial CT, and will be considered for enrollment into the trial once the aneurysm reaches 5.0 cm.

You may not qualify if…

Patients who refused to be randomized
Patients with symptomatic attributable to ascending aortic aneurysms
Patients who are unable to provide informed consents
Patients who are unable to attend for regular follow-up/ remain compliant with protocol
Previous cardiac surgery
Patients whose primary indication for cardiac surgery is non-AsAA related
Known AsAA expansion rate exceeding 0.5 cm/year during the past 5 years
Arch aneurysms with no ascending aorta involvement (no aneurysmal segments before the innominate artery)
Ascending aortic and arch aneurysm with descending thoracic aorta involvement
Patients with known connective tissue disease (E.g. Marfan syndrome, Loey-Dietz syndrome, Turner syndrome etc) syndrome, etc.)
Patients with possible genetic aortopathies (eg known family history of aortic aneurysms/premature aortic dissections/ruptures)
Patients with inflammatory arteritis (e.g. takayasu's arteritis, syphilitic arteritis, etc.)
Female patients who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant
Patients who have a history or presence of a medical condition or disease or psychiatric condition that in the investigator's assessment would render the subject ineligible for study participation.
Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, are deemed unfit for surgery for reasons that may include:
Severe pulmonary disease
Cr = 250umol/L
Child Pugh Class B or C
NYHA III or IV
MI within the last 6 months
Major surgical procedure or angioplasty within 3 months
Expected survival less than 5 years because of other disease (e.g. invasive cancer)

Where it is running

Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec — Québec, Quebec, Canada (enrolling)
Massachusetts General Hospital — Boston, Massachusetts, United States (enrolling)
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center — Boston, Massachusetts, United States (enrolling)
University of Michigan — Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States (enrolling)
Mayo Clinic — Rochester, Minnesota, United States (enrolling)
Washington University School of Medicine — St Louis, Missouri, United States (enrolling)
The Valley Hospital, Inc — Ridgewood, New Jersey, United States (enrolling)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai — New York, New York, United States (enrolling)
Duke University — Durham, North Carolina, United States (enrolling)
University Hospitals Cleveland — Cleveland, Ohio, United States (enrolling)
Ohio State University Medical Center — Columbus, Ohio, United States (enrolling)
The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania — Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States (enrolling)
MUSC Health University Medical Center — Charleston, South Carolina, United States (enrolling)
University of Texas Health Science Centre — Houston, Texas, United States (enrolling)
Baylor Scott & White Research Institute — Plano, Texas, United States (enrolling)
University of Calgary — Calgary, Alberta, Canada (enrolling)
Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute — Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (enrolling)
Horizon Health Network — Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada (enrolling)
Nova Scotia Health Authority — Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (enrolling)
Health Sciences North — Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada (enrolling)
Hamilton General Hospital — Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (enrolling)
London Health Sciences Centre — London, Ontario, Canada (enrolling)
University of Ottawa Heart Institute — Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (enrolling)
University of California at San Francisco Medical Center — San Francisco, California, United States (enrolling)
Toronto General Hospital — Toronto, Ontario, Canada (enrolling)

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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