Vascular Aging in Flight Attendants With Occupational Secondhand Smoke Exposure

Completed

Conditions studied: Vascular Aging, Secondhand Smoking

In brief

Specific Aim 1. Characterize the long-term effects of secondhand smoke (SHS) on vascular health in pre-ban flight attendants (FAs). Investigators will measure arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) and endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index) in the pre-ban FA cases, and compare to the cardiovascular risk-factor matched Framingham controls. It is hypothesized that pre-ban FA cases have increased arterial stiffness (higher pulse wave velocity and higher augmentation index) and increased endothelial dysfunction (lower reactive hyperemia index) compared to Framingham controls. Specific Aim 2. Determine the extent in which remote pre-ban SHS exposure (hours) is associated with increased arterial stiffness or endothelial dysfunction. Investigators hypothesize that pre-ban SHS exposure is positively associated with both increased arterial stiffness and increased endothelial dysfunction. Specific Aim 3. Investigators will calculate the cardiovascular risk scores (Framingham, Reynolds, and ASCVD) by using subjects' age, blood pressure, family history, lipid panel, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein. Investigators will explore the association of the risk scores with measures of vascular aging (arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction). These scores do not include SHS exposure. Investigators will also test the additive value of SHS exposure in increasing arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction using the risk scores as an adjustment value. It is hypothesized that the cardiovascular risk scores are associated with vascular aging (arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction), and that the association between SHS exposure and vascular aging remains significant after adjusting for the cardiovascular risk scores. The significance of this proposal and impact will be (1) mechanistic insights into how remote SHS exposure leads to hypertension and vascular stiffness, (2) increased understanding of how SHS exposure can increase risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of death in the United States.

Key facts

Study ID: NCT02795624
Run by: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
People needed: 300
Starts: 2016-02-01
Expected to finish: 2021-08-01
Last updated by the study team: 2021-08-23

Who can join

Age: 40 and older. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may qualify if…

40 years of age and older;
Flight attendant, including current or past employment with the airlines;
Non-smoking flight attendant (current and prior, defined as smoking <100 cigarettes in your lifetime);
Exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke for at least one year, while working on the aircrafts

You may not qualify if…

History of Raynaud's syndrome
Had mastectomy or arm/hand abnormality in which blood pressure cannot be measured on the arm

Where it is running

Cedars-Sinai Women's Heart Center — Los Angeles, California, United States

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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