Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Patients With Fanconi Anemia Lacking a Genotypically Identical Donor, Using a Chemotherapy Only Cytoreduction With Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide and Fludarabine

Completed · Phase 2

Conditions studied: Aplastic Anemia, Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome

In brief

This is a genetic disease (transmitted through the parents' genes) called Fanconi Anemia. Because of that genetic disease, the bone marrow has changed and now has failed, or has given rise to a preleukemia called myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or leukemia (acute myelogenous leukemia or AML). Without treatment these complications of Fanconia anemia (FA) are fatal. The only treatment that can cure these complications is an allogeneic transplant of stem cells, meaning, giving the patient bone marrow cells from a healthy donor that can produce normal blood cells that will replace the bone marrow that is sick. What has been given for the treatment of FA in the past is to use a combination of low doses of radiation to the whole body (total body irradiation) and low doses of the chemotherapy drugs (cyclophosphamide and fludarabine) before the transplant. However, the use of radiation can, later on, increase the chances of getting a second cancer of the skin, head or the neck. These chances of a second cancer are higher than normal in patients with FA. The purpose of this study is to find out if the doctors can do the same thing with the same chemotherapy drugs used in the past. However physicians will use another chemotherapy drug called busulfan instead of the radiation. The goal of this study is to get rid of the short term and long term risks of the radiation. The first new part of this treatment will be to replace drugs for radiation with chemotherapy drugs.

Key facts

Study ID

NCT00987480

Run by

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

People needed

45

Starts

2009-09-25

Expected to finish

2017-07-10

Last updated by the study team

2018-07-10

Who can join

Age: any. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: accepted.

You may qualify if…

• Patients must have a diagnosis of Fanconi anemia (confirmed by mitomycin C or diepoxybutane [DEB] chromosomal breakage testing at an approved laboratory).
• Hematologic Diagnosis and Status - Patients must have one of the following hematologic diagnoses:
• Severe Aplastic Anemia (SAA) with bone marrow cellularity of <25%, or Severe Isolated Single lineage Cytopenia
• AND at least one of the following features:
• Platelet count <20 x 109/L or platelet transfusion dependence*
• ANC <1000 x 109/L
• Hgb <8 gm/dl or red cell transfusion dependence*
• Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) (Appendix 1: MDS Classification) - MDS at any stage, based on either one of the following classifications:
• WHO Classification
• Refractory anemia and transfusion dependence*
• Any of other stages
• IPSS Classification
• Low risk (score 0) and transfusion dependence*
• Any other risk groups Score > or = to 0.5
• Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
• Patients with acute leukemia are included in this trial in remission, refractory or relapsed disease.
• Transfusion dependence will be defined as greater than ONE transfusion of platelets or red blood cells in the last year prior to evaluation on protocol.
• Donors:
• Donor choices will be determined by the investigators at each of the centers according to their own institutional criteria.
• All patients evaluated at trial sites and eligible for this trial by virtue of disease and lack of an HLA-genotypically matched related donor will be captured in the database of this trial. Patients who will be enrolled on this protocol must have one of the following donor choices:
• HLA-compatible Unrelated volunteer donors
• Patients who do not have a related HLA-matched donor but have an unrelated donor who is either matched at all A, B, C and DRB1 (8/8) loci or who is mismatched at 1/8 loci (A, B, C or DRB1) (7/8) as tested by DNA analysis (high resolution), will be eligible for entry on this protocol.
• HLA-mismatched Related donors
• Patients who do not have a related or unrelated HLA-compatible donor must have a healthy family member who is at least HLA-haplotype identical to the recipient. First degree related donors must have a normal DEB test.
• The donor must be healthy and willing and able to receive a 4-6 day course of G-CSF and undergo 1-3 daily leukaphereses.

You may not qualify if…

• Active CNS leukemic involvement
• Female patients who are pregnant (positive serum or urine HCG) or breast-feeding. Women of childbearing age must avoid becoming pregnant while on study.
• Active uncontrolled viral, bacterial or fungal infection
• Patient seropositive for HIV-I/II; HTLV -I/II

Where it is running

• Children's Hospital Boston — Boston, Massachusetts, United States
• Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center — New York, New York, United States
• The Rockefeller University — New York, New York, United States
• Cincinnati Children's Hospital — Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
• Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center — Seattle, Washington, United States
• Children's Hospital of Wisconsin — Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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