Modulation of Pharmacologically Induced Alcohol Craving in Recently Detoxified Alcoholics

Completed · Phase 2 · Has a placebo group

Conditions studied: Alcoholism

In brief

This study will determine if acamprosate, a drug approved to treat alcoholism, decreases alcohol cravings in alcohol-dependent subjects following infusions of yohimbine and mCPP. Yohimbine causes anxiety and may provoke a desire for alcohol; mCPP induces a feeling of having had a few drinks, which often creates a desire for more drinks. If acamprosate can prevent a craving following these stimuli, then the effectiveness of new experimental drugs for treating alcoholism can be tested for their ability to block yohimbine or mCPP-induced cravings. This type of investigation would be less expensive and less time-consuming than conducting clinical trials with alcohol-dependent people. People between 21 and 65 years of age who are alcohol-dependent and have been drinking regularly for at least 1 month before entering the study may be eligible to participate. Participants are admitted to the NIH Clinical Center for about 35 days, during which time they are asked to participate in an alcohol treatment program. They may request passes to leave the hospital during the day but must return overnight. Upon return to the hospital, subjects are required to take a breathalyzer test for alcohol and urine screen for drug use. Participants found to have used drugs or consumed alcohol while away from the hospital are terminated from the study. Participants are randomly assigned to take acamprosate or placebo pills three times a day for about 2 weeks. They are then given three intravenous (through a vein) infusions, 5 to 7 days apart, each containing either yohimbine, mCPP or placebo. The drugs are infused for 20 minutes following a 1-hour infusion of saline (salt water). Subjects complete two questionnaires - an alcohol urge questionnaire to assess the desire for alcohol and a PASS rating scale to assess anxiety - several times during the study and during the infusions....

Key facts

Study ID

NCT00605904

Run by

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)

People needed

37

Starts

2008-01-01

Expected to finish

2011-03-01

Last updated by the study team

2012-07-03

Who can join

Age: 21 and older, up to 65. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: not accepted.

You may not qualify if…

• People who present with significant medical problems which in the assessment of the Lead Associate Investigator contraindicate administration of any of the study drugs. Examples are patients requiring intensive medical or diagnostic management, such as uncontrolled hypertension, serious GI bleeding, major organ or body system dysfunction such as decompensated liver disease, renal failure, myocardial ischemia, congestive heart failure or cerebrovascular disease, major endocrine problems such as uncontrolled diabetes, pancreatic or thyroid disease, or glaucoma.
• People who are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
• People with the following specific neuro-psychiatric disorders: any psychotic disorder including schizophrenia; bipolar affective disorder; or panic disorder.
• People with any other condition that impairs judgment or cognitive function to an extent that precludes them from providing informed consent or complying with treatment (incompetent individuals); or that requires management with pharmacotherapy that would make the subject ineligible for participation.
• Contraindications for acamprosate (previously exhibited hypersensitivity to acamprosate calcium or any of its components; or severe renal impairment, manifested as creatinine clearance of 30 mL/min or less.
• Contraindications for yohimbine or mCPP, such as liver or renal disease; chronic inflammation of the sexual organs or prostate gland; history of gastric and duodenal ulcers; glaucoma; hypersensitivity to yohimbine or mCPP
• People who are unlikely or unable to complete the treatment program because they become, or are likely to be, incarcerated while on the protocol.
• People who are required to receive treatment by a court of law or who are involuntarily committed to treatment.
• Pregnancy or lactation (negative pregnancy test required)
• Regular use of psychotropic medication, physician prescribed or purchased over the counter (e.g. antidepressant, lithium, antipsychotic, anxiolytic, antiepileptic, nasal decongestants in tablet form) or blood pressure medication (e.g. beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, ACE-inhibitors or AT1 antagonists) within the last 4 weeks, with the exception of benzodiazepines administered within the NIAAA program as part of alcohol withdrawal treatment. Specifically, no subject will be taken off psychoactive medications for the purpose of enrollment in this protocol.

Where it is running

• National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike — Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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