Brain Imaging in Depression

Completed

Conditions studied: Depression, Bipolar Disorder

In brief

The purpose of this study is to use brain imaging technology to examine the role of certain brain receptors and the nervous system chemical acetylcholine in major depression. The cholinergic system involves the regulation of neurotransmitters and the brain receptors to which they bind. Evidence suggests that the cholinergic system may play a role in the development of depression. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that binds to certain brain receptors called muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Cholinomimetic drugs (drugs that stimulate the cholinergic system) often exacerbate depressive symptoms in people with mood disorders and in healthy individuals. This increase in depressive symptoms may be caused by stimulation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), but further study is needed to confirm this. This study will use positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the function of mAChRs in individuals with depression. Participants in this study will undergo a physical examination, psychiatric interviews, neuropsychological tests, PET and MRI scans, and rating scales of depression, anxiety, and negative thinking symptoms. Questions about behavior and functioning will be asked and blood samples will be collected for genetic analysis.

Key facts

Study ID

NCT00050700

Run by

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

People needed

107

Starts

2002-12-16

Expected to finish

2010-05-14

Last updated by the study team

2017-07-02

Who can join

Age: 18 and older, up to 45. Sex: any. Healthy volunteers: accepted.

You may not qualify if…

• Subjects must not have taken antidepressant or other medications likely to alter monoamine neurochemistry or cerebrovascular function for at least 3 weeks (8 weeks for fluoxetine and for any drug with known anticholinergic effects) prior to scanning. Because effective medications will not be discontinued for the purposes of this study, subjects will be identified who have never been treated or who have discontinued medication due to lack of efficacy, noncompliance, physician order or other reasons prior to study entry. Subjects will also be excluded if they: a) serious suidical ideation or behavior - 1) thoughts of suicide within the past three months which are accompanied by intet to harm oneself, serious consideration of means or plan to attempt suicide, evidence of arranging for a suicide attemp (e.g. giving away prized possessions, updating a will) or clear desire to commit suicide; 2) suicide attempts within the previous one year; or 3) a current plan to inflict self harm or physical evidence suspicious for having engaged in a suicide attempt.
• Subjects will also be excluded if they had any significant comorbid condition in the last year, c) psychosis to the extent that the ability to provide informed consent is in doubt, d) history of any major psychiatric disorder (other than the target mood disorder) arising temporally before the initial mood episode, e) medical or neurological illnesses (i.e. seizure disorder, a coma in past) likely to affect physiology or anatomy, f) a history of drug or alcohol abuse within 1 year or a lifetime history of alcohol or drug dependence (DSM IV criteria), g) are HIV positive or have AIDS, h) current pregnancy (documented by history and pregnancy testing prior to scanning), i) current breast feeding, j) general MRI exclusion criteria which include the subject having a pacemaker or significant claustrophobia and k) if they are smokers.

Where it is running

• National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike — Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Full record on ClinicalTrials.gov

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